01. Pataka
पताक — The Flag
Form: Four fingers extended straight, thumb bent across palm.
Uses: Clouds, forest, river, wave, night, street, year, god, horse, elephant, wind.
Neural: Prefrontal cortex activation — executive attention and spatial awareness.
02. Tripataka
त्रिपताक — Three-Part Flag
Form: Ring finger bent down to touch base of palm, others extended.
Uses: Crown, lightning, trident, tree, lamp, birds in flight.
Neural: Right temporal lobe — shifts processing toward creative imagery networks.
03. Ardhapataka
अर्धपताक — Half Flag
Form: Index and middle finger extended together, ring and little bent, thumb out.
Uses: Knife, leaf, the number two, shore, tower, child.
Neural: Auditory cortex and musical cognition pathways engagement.
04. Kartarimukha
कर्तरीमुख — Scissors Face
Form: Index and little finger extended outward, middle and ring bent, thumb across.
Uses: Separation, death, falling, disagreement, crooked, opposite.
Neural: Vagal-cardiac axis — heart-brain coherence and emotional boundary regulation.
05. Mayura
मयूर — Peacock
Form: Thumb touches tip of bent middle finger, other three fingers spread open.
Uses: Peacock, wiping away tears, applying tilak, gentle touch, bird's beak.
Neural: Pineal-hypothalamic axis — melatonin regulation and circadian coherence.
06. Ardhachandra
अर्धचन्द्र — Half Moon
Form: Thumb extended laterally, four fingers together and straight, wrist neutral.
Uses: Half-moon, waist, throat, spear, prayer to god, greeting.
Neural: Solar plexus / celiac ganglion — autonomic balance regulation.
07. Arala
अराल — Curved / Bent
Form: Index finger bent inward at middle joint, all others straight, thumb extended.
Uses: Drinking nectar, wind, Vayu god, strength, shield against harm.
Neural: Pericardium meridian — cardiac stress response and emotional protection circuit.
08. Shukatunda
शुकतुण्ड — Parrot's Beak
Form: Index finger bent at first joint only, tip pointing forward, others straight.
Uses: Arrow, shooting, parrot, pointing direction, Cupid's bow.
Neural: Lung meridian (LU) — respiratory rhythm and Prana channel regulation.
09. Mushti
मुष्टि — Fist
Form: All four fingers folded into the palm, thumb resting on middle fingers.
Uses: Grasping, wrestling, holding sword, determination, strength, steadfastness.
Neural: Cortisol regulation — adrenal activation and channelled stress response.
10. Shikhara
शिखर — Peak / Summit
Form: Thumb pointing upward from a closed fist, fingers curled around base of thumb.
Uses: Bow, pillar, asking a question, lip, husband, Shiva's linga, unity.
Neural: Spinal cord ascending pathway — kundalini and cerebrospinal fluid circulation.
11. Kapittha
कपित्थ — Wood Apple
Form: Thumb and ring finger touch forming a circle, index presses on thumb, others bent.
Uses: Lakshmi, Saraswati, holding a lamp, milking a cow, cymbals.
Neural: Heart coherence — oxytocin release and devotional limbic pathway activation.
12. Katakamukha
कटकामुख — Broken Bracelet
Form: Thumb, index, and middle fingers joined at tips forming a loose circle, ring and little extended.
Uses: Pulling a bow, plucking flowers, scattering petals, stringing a garland.
Neural: Fine motor cortex and precision attention — proprioceptive refinement.
13. Anjali
अञ्जलि — Prayer Gesture
Form: Both Pataka hands joined at the palms facing each other, fingers pointing up.
Uses: Salutation, prayer, greeting, worship, lotus bud.
Neural: Bilateral brain synchronization — corpus callosum coherence and meditative state induction.
14. Kapota
कपोत — Dove / Pigeon
Form: Both Pataka hands joined but backs of hands touching outward, fingers pointing up.
Uses: Accepting, modesty, respect, reverence, receiving a gift.
Neural: Parasympathetic dominance — openness and receptivity in the autonomic system.
15. Pushpaputa
पुष्पपुट — Flower Offering
Form: Both Sarpashira hands placed side by side, palms hollowed upward like a cup.
Uses: Offering flowers, collecting water, river, basin, charity, abundance.
Neural: Oxytocin pathway — generosity and prosocial emotion centres (anterior cingulate cortex).
16. Utsanga
उत्सङ्ग — Embrace
Form: Each hand crosses over to touch the opposite shoulder, arms crossed at chest.
Uses: Embrace, winter, bashfulness, cold, self-comfort, modesty.
Neural: Vagal toning — bilateral cross-body activation triggering parasympathetic calm response.
17. Shivalinga
शिवलिङ्ग — Shiva's Form
Form: Left hand in Ardhachandra held horizontal, right hand in Shikhara placed upright on it.
Uses: Shiva worship, the cosmic pillar, axis mundi, masculine creative principle.
Neural: Spinal cerebrospinal axis — kundalini pathway and central channel (Sushumna) activation.
18. Kataka-Vardhamana
कटकवर्धमान — Growing Bracelet
Form: Both Katakamukha hands moving away from each other in a widening arc.
Uses: Expansion, growth, spreading, generosity, widening of consciousness.
Neural: Default mode network expansion — awareness dilation and self-transcendence states.